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HTML Tags

Block Tags

Tag	Description
<acronym>	Defines an acronym
<abbr>	Defines an abbreviation
<address>	Defines an address element
<blockquote>	Defines an long quotation
<center>	Defines centered text
<q>	Defines a short quotation
<cite>	Defines a citation
<ins>	Defines inserted text
<del>	Defines deleted text
<s>	Defines strikethrough text
<strike>	Defines strikethrough text

<acronym>..text..</acronym>Tag

The tag defines the start of an acronym, like "WWW" and"C.B.I.". By marking up acronyms you can give useful information to browsers, spell checkers, translation systems and search-engine indexers.

The title attribute can be used to show the full version of the expression when you are holding the mouse over theacronym(text).

Format:

Indicates an abbreviated form, like "Inc.", "etc.". By marking up abbreviations you can give useful information to browsers, spell checkers, translation systems and search-engine indexers.

In some browsers the title attribute can be used to show the full version of the expression when you are holding the mouse over the abbreviation.

Format:

<address> ..address..</address>

The <address> tag defines the start of an address. You should use it to define addresses, signatures, orauthorships of documents. The address usually renders in italic. Most browsers will add a line break before and after the address element, but line breaks inside the text you have to insert yourself.

Format with Example:

<address>
Donald Duck<br />
Box 555<br />
Disneyland
</address>

Output:
Donald Duck
Box 555
Disneyland

The <blockquote> tag defines the start of a longquotation.

<blockquote>
<p>here is a long quotation</p>
</blockquote>

This tag Centers its enclosed text horizontally.

Format:

<q> small text</q>

The <q> tag defines the start of a short quotation.

Format:

<q> small text</q>

<cite>

This tag defines the citation.

Format:

<ins>

This tag provide the facility of inserting the text inbetween the text.

Format:

<del>

Defines text that has been deleted in a document.

Format:

The <s> and <strike> tags defines strikethrough text.

Format:

Examples of Block tags

Examples	Outputs
<blockquote><p>here is a long quotation </p></blockquote>	here is a long quotation
<q>here is a short quotation </q>	"here is a short quotation"
<center>Center this text</center>	Center this text
a dozen is<del>20</del>pieces!	a dozen is 20pieces!
a dozen is<ins>12</ins>pieces!	a dozen is 12pieces!
<cite>Citation</cite>	Citation
A version is <s>not available.</s> now available!	A version is ~~not available.~~ now available!
A version is <strike>not available.</strike> ok!	A version is ~~not available.~~ ok!

Now you have learned the Output Tags, so now lets do some practical.

Just write/copy this example on any text editor new file and save the file and open in the browser and see how it looks.

Example:

<html>
<head>
<title>Block Tags</title>
</head>
<body>
<br><b> center tag </b>
<center>Center this text</center>
<b> acronym tag </b>
<acronym title="World Wide Web">WWW</acronym><br>
<b> abbr tag </b>
<abbr title="hypertext markup language"> HTML</abbr><br>
<b> blockquote tag </b>
<blockquote>here is a long quotation here is a long quotation</blockquote>
<b> del tag </b>
a dozen is <del>20</del> pieces!<br>
<b> ins tag </b>
a dozen is <ins>12</ins> pieces!<br>
<b> s tag </b>
A new version is <s>not yet available.</s> now available!
<b> strike tag </b><br>
A new version is <strike>not yet available.</strike> now available!
</body>
</html>

HTML Tags

Output Tags

These tags are often used to displaycomputer/programming code. You might be surprised for "how to display the text containing the spaces, line breaks, programming codes, sample text, define variable". Do not worry, because in this chapter we are going to show you how easily you can do easily.

So lets start with these tags:

Tag	Description
<pre>	Defines preformatted text
<code>	Defines computer code text
<tt>	Defines teletype text
<kbd>	Defines keyboard text
<var>	Defines a variable
<dfn>	Defines a definition term
<bdo>	Defines the direction of text display
<samp>	Defines sample computer code

<pre>.........</pre>Tag

This is preformatted text. It preserves both spaces and line breaks. The pre tag is good for displaying computer code.

Format:

Example:

<pre> for i = 1 to 10
print i
next i
</pre>

Output:

for i = 1 to 10
print i
next i

<code> .....text ......</code> Tag

This tag is also used to display the computer code. But better you use <pre> tag.

Format:

<kbd>.....Keyboard Input......</kbd> Tag

This tag displays the Keyboard Input.

Format:

<kbd> ........ Keyboard Input......</kbd>

<tt>......text....</tt> Tag

This tag displays the typewriter text.

Format:

<samp>....sample text...</samp> Tag

This tag displays the sample text.

Format:

<samp> .....sample text.....</samp>

<var> computer variable </var>

This tag defines the computer variable.

Format:

<var> computer variable </var>

<dfn> definition term </dfn>

this tag is used for definition term.

Examples of output tags

Examples	Outputs
<pre> It preserve all spaces </pre>	It preserve all spaces
<code>Computer code</code>	Computer code
<kbd>Keyboard input</kbd>	Keyboard input
<tt>Teletype text</tt>	Teletype text
<samp>Sample text</samp>	Sample text
<var>Computer variable</var>	Computer variable
<dfn>Definition term</dfn>	Definition term

Now you have learned the Output Tags so lets do some practical. Below there is a file type the same code on notepad (any text editor) and save it. now open this file in the internet browser.

Example:

<html>
<body> <code>Computer code</code>
<br>
<kbd>Keyboard input</kbd>
<br>
<tt>Teletype text</tt>
<br>
<samp>Sample text</samp>
<br>
<var>Computer variable</var>
<br>
<p>
<b>Note:</b>
These tags are often used to display computer/programming code.
</p>
</body>
</html>

Page in browser will Look Like:

HTML Tags

Character Format Tags

These tags are used for the formatting of the text such asunderline, bold, italic, font, size, color of the text.

All these character formatting Tags are defined in the table shown below:

Char Format Tag	Description
<b>	Displays bold text
<i>	Displays italic text
<tt>	Renders as teletype or mono spaced text
<u>	Displays underlined text
<em>	Displays emphasized text
<big>	Displays big text
<small>	Displays small text
<strong>	Displays strong text
<sub>	Displays subscripted text
<sup>	Displays superscripted text
<bdo>	Defines the direction of text display
<font>	Defines the font face, size, and color of text

<b> Tag

The <b> tag is used to make the text bold.

Format:

<i> Tag

The <i> tag displays the italic text.

Format:

<i> ................text.........</i>;

<tt> Tag

The <tt> tag displays the typewriter text.

Format:

<u> Tag

The <u> tag displays the underlined text.

Format:

<em> Tag

The <em> tag displays the emphasized text.

Format:

<big> Tag

The <big> tag displays the big text.

Format:

<small> Tag

The <small> tag displays the small text.

Format:

<strong> Tag

The <strong> tag displays strong text.

Format:

<sub> Tag

The <sub> tag displays text in subscripted format.

Format:

<sup> Tag

The <sup> tag displays superscripted text.

Format:

<bdo> Tag

The <bdo> tag defines the direction of the text.

Format:

<font> Tag

The <font> tag defines the font, color, size of the text.

Format:

Examples of the Text Formatting tags

Examples	Outputs
<b>This text is bold</b>	This text is bold
<strong> This text is strong </strong>	This text is strong
<big> This text is big </big>	This text is big
<em> This text is emphasized </em>	This text is emphasized
<i> This text is italic </i>	This text is italic
<small> This text is small </small>	This text is small;
This text contains <sub> subscript </sub>	This text contains subscript
This text contains <sup> superscript </sup>	This text contains superscript
<u> this is underlined text </u>	this is underlined text
<bdo dir="rtl">Here is some Hebrew text</bdo>	Here is some Hebrew text

You have read all the basic tags, So now lets do some practical.

Just write/copy this example on any text editor new file and save the file and open in the browser and see how it looks.

Example:

<html>
<body>
<b>This text is bold</b>
<br>
<strong> This text is strong </strong>
<br>
<big> This text is big </big>
<br>
<em> This text is emphasized </em>
<br>
<i> This text is italic </i>
<br>
<small> This text is small </small>
<br>
<u> this is underlined text </u>
<br>
This text contains
<sub> subscript </sub>
<br>
This text contains
<sup> superscript </sup>
<br> The use of font tag
<font face="arial" size="3" color="green">
this is use of font tag</font>
</body>
</html>

HTML Tags

Basic HTML Tags

The most important tags in HTML are tags that define headings, paragraphs, body and line breaks. The basic HTML Tags are described here in the form of table so that you can remind them easily.

Basic HTML Tags

Tag	Description
<html>	Defines an HTML document
<head>	Defines information about the document
<title>	Defines the document title
<body>	Defines the document's body
<h1> to <h6>	Defines header 1 to header 6
<p>	Defines a paragraph
<br>	Inserts a single line break
<hr>	Defines a horizontal rule
<!-->	Defines a comment

Description Of The Above Tags

<html>tag

This element tells a browser that this is an HTML document. This tag is defined at the top of theHTML file and at the end of file.

Format:

Example:

<html> <body> this is my first page </body></html>

<head> tag

The head tag defines information about the document. The browser does not display the"head information" to the user. The following tags can be in the head section: <base>, <link>, <meta>, <script>, <style>, and <title>. The head tag is used between <html> and <body> tags.

Format:

<html> <head>.....head sections....</head><body>......body of HTML........</body></html>

Example:

<html> <head><title>Basic tag</title></head>>body> this is my first page </body></html>

<title> tag

Title tag defines the title of the document which appears in the Title bar of the explorer window.Title tag is used in between <head> and </head> tag because it is title tag is section of <head> tag.

Format:

<html> <head><title>Title of the Page</title></head><body>.....body of HTML......</body></html>

Example:

<html> <head><title>Basic tag</title></head><body> this is my first page </body></html>

<body> tag

The body element defines the document's body. It contains all the contents of the document (like text, images, colors, graphics etc).

Format:

Example:

Attributes

Attribute	Value	Description
background	file_name	An image to use as the background. Deprecated. Use styles instead.
bgcolor	color_name	The background color of the document. Deprecated. Use styles instead.
link, alink, vlink	color_name	Specifies the color of all the links in the document. Deprecated. Use styles instead.
text	color_name	Specifies the color of the text in the document. Deprecated. Use styles instead.

<hn>...</hn> Heading Tags

These tags are used to display headings in anHTML document. through these tags you can increase the size of the text. In these tags <h1>tag defines the largest header & <h6> definessmallest.

These tags are <h1> </h1>, <h2> </h2>, <h3> </h3>, <h4> </h4>, <h5> </h5>

Format:

Example:

<h1> this is my first page </h1> or <h1 align="right">text</h1> Attribute of the <hn> Tag.

Attribute of the <hn> Tag

It has only one attribute i.e. Align="value" values may be right, left, center and justified. you can use this align attribute in many tags to align the textor elements.

align value (right, center, left, justified)

<p>.....</p> Paragraph Tag

This tag is used for creating the paragraph in theweb page. It is used inside the body of file.

Format:

<p>......longtext..........</p>

Example:

<p> This is the test of paragraph tag........</p>

In this tag align attribute can be used.

<br> tag

The <br> tag inserts a single line break. Use the<br> tag to enter blank lines, not to separate paragraphs. This tag has no end tag.

Format

text........<br> .....text

Example:

This is a break <br> in the line.

<hr> tag

The <hr> tag inserts a horizontal rule. The <hr>tag has no end tag.

Format:

text......<hr> ......text or text......<hr align=" " size=" " width=" ">.... text

Example:

This is the test of the tag <hr>

Attribute

Attribute	Value	Description
align	right,left,center	The alignment of the horizontal rule.
size	% , pixels	The thickness (height) of the horizontal rule.
width	% , pixels	The width of the horizontal rule.

Comment Tag

The comment tag is used to insert a comment in the source code. A comment will be ignored by the browser. You can use comments to explainyour code, which can help you when you edit the source code at a later date.

You can also store program-specific informationinside comments. In this case they will not be visible for the user, but they are still available to the program. A good practice is to comment the text inside the script and style elements to prevent older browsers, that do not supportscripting or styles, from showing it as plain text.

Format:

Example:

You might have became bored of reading so lets do some practical.

Follow these Steps:

copy this code in the new file of any text editor.
Save it with htm or html extension.
Open the Internet Browser.
Open the saved file in it.

Example:

<html>
<head>
<title>In body tag</title>
</head>
<body bgcolor="lightyellow" text="red">
In body tag, background color is defined as black and textcolor is defined as the white.
<hr>
<h1> this is the h1 header </h1>
<h2> this is the h2header </h2>
<h3> this is the h3 header </h3>
<h4> this is the h4 header </h4>
<h5> this is the h5 header </h5>
<hr>This is the use of "Break" tag<br> and you will see use of more tags<br>
<hr> look at the use of comment tag it is good
<hr><p> This is the use of paragraph tag and you will see use of more tags </p>
The effect of "hr" tag <br> <hr>
</body>
</html>

Explanation of the page:

The title of the page is at the top in blue strip. All the text appears in white color and background in the black color. Because in the <body> tag thebgcolor and text color is defined. The horizontalline appears because of the <hr> tag and the <br>tag breaks the text in between and displays it on new line. The comment statement is not displayed.

HTML Tags

Introduction

Tags are the reserve keywords used in theHTML file. With the help of tags we can set the format of the text and elements used in the file.

Example: Setting the font, size, color, bold, italic, Underline to the text.

In HTML language all of the files are written using tags. Even starting of the html file is done by the <html> tag and ended with the</html> end tag. Tags are the reserved keywords used in the HTML. They are the predefined words called tags.

· HTML tags are used to mark-up HTML elements.

· HTML tags are surrounded by the two characters <and>

· The surrounding characters are calledangle brackets.

· HTML tags normally come in pairs like <b>and </b>

· The first tag in a pair is the start tag, the second tag is the end tag.

· The text between the start and end tags is the element content.

· HTML tags are not case sensitive, <b>means the same as <B>

Introduction of HTML

Basics of HTML

What is an HTML File?

1. HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language.

2. An HTML file is a text file containing small markup tags.

3. The markup tags tell the Web browser how to display the page.

4. An HTML file must have an htm or html file extension.

An HTML file can be created using any simple text editor like "Notepad" of the Microsoft Windows.

First of all let me explain the above web page and how it is created, how easily it can be created.

It is very easy to insert the element in the HTML pages simply by writing their tags and provide their attribute.

Basic Description of HTML File

The HTML file can be divided into the three parts:

HTML Header

HTML Body

HTML Footer

So let us see the Body of the HTML File:

HTML Header is the top most part of the HTML file in this section of the file we define the header of file and also Title of the file can be provided.

HTML Body is the middle part of file, in this section we define all text andelements which is to displayed on web page.

HTML Footer is the end section of the file.

How To Write a HTML File

To write a HTML file you need an text editor, open the text editor and start writing file as given below:

Steps to write a file & view the web page:

1. Open the text editor (e.g. notepad).

2. Write the above file in it OR copy the above file and paste it on the notepad.

3. Save this file as .htm or .html file extension (e.g. <filename>.htm , .html).

4. Now open the Internet Browser and open the saved file.

5. Now you can see your web page.

The file starts from an <html> tag and ends with the </html>. <html> tagidentifies that it is an HTML file. <html> is also called as open tag and it also need its closed tag which is </html>. Between these tags we will define theHeader of the file, so add the <head> tag and below it write to close <head>tag.

More to display the Title to the Web Browser use the special tag <title> write here title </title>. Text written between the <title> & </title> tag will be displayed as the header of the your web page. The important tag is <body>tag. Whatever you want to display on the web page you must write it in between <body> & </body>.